![]() ![]() ![]() When we are thinking about the internal situation of another person, the activity patterns in our brains indicate whether we are thinking about a cooperative person or about someone we have had negative experiences with. So it is ultimately up to the majority to decide how the community wants to live. The decisive factor is that the behavior of others is evaluated and judged, and that the egoists feel the consequences. When self-serving is proscribed by the majority, egoists within the group are unable to destroy the group’s cohesion. Named for its original authors, the Fehr-Schmidt model also deals with the opposite behaviors of egoism and altruism, and expands the equation to include a social collective and its reactions. Ignoring undesired information is a congenital neuropsychological cognitive mechanism of the human brain, and researchers are prone to it just like everyone else. That the Social Heuristics Hypothesis survived as long as it did is a good example for the fact that researchers are just as fallible as anyone else, and tend to ignore data that doesn’t fit their preconceived notions. In the meantime numerous additional studies have confirmed these results. The findings showed firstly that the more rational groups were not more egoistic (as the Social Heuristics Hypothesis would suggest), but tended toward a moderate altruism that seemed to point to two motivations, namely envy and pity and secondly that the egoistic decisions were more often than not arrived at spontaneously, according to the researchers. (23) Initially, on the basis of a standardized test, they divided the test subjects into two groups, on the basis of whether they tended to make more intuitive or more rational decisions.Īs is so often the case, the experiment was a game involving money. This hypothesis has since been rebutted by a group of behavioral scientists who compared Spanish and American students. Or to put it another way: Is people’s pro-social behavior the result of intuition or reflection?Įarlier sociological studies led to the Social Heuristics Hypothesis, which holds that cooperation is the result of intuitive decisions while egoism is a consequence of rational decisions. ![]() ![]() A question that is posed again and again due to contradictory results is whether people are fundamentally, spontaneously pro-social or calculatingly egoistic. ![]()
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